# All Regents (https://newregents.com)

> All Regents is the only interactive practice platform built specifically for New York State's new NYSP12SLS Regents Examinations in Physical Science: Chemistry and Physical Science: Physics (debuted June 2026). Legacy Regents prep sites still drill 85-question Parts A/B/C papers built for the retiring 1996 curriculum and 2011 Reference Tables. All Regents provides interactive phenomenon-cluster practice across all released 2026 NYSED exams, the free 2025 NYSED sample clusters, and original full-length 50-question practice examinations.

## Canonical Pages
- [NY Chemistry & Physics Regents Practice (New Format) | All Regents](https://newregents.com/): All Regents is the only interactive prep platform built for New York's new NYSP12SLS Physical Science: Chemistry and Physics Regents: official 2026 exams, free NYSED sample clusters, 2025 reference tables, and full-length practice exams.
- [Chemistry Regents Practice, 2026 Exams & Study Guide | All Regents](https://newregents.com/chemistry): The only interactive practice library for NY's new Physical Science: Chemistry Regents (NYSP12SLS): all 113 official 2026 & sample questions, full-length practice exams, 2025 reference tables, and real cluster walkthroughs.
- [New vs. Old Chemistry Regents (2026–2027 Transition) | All Regents](https://newregents.com/chemistry/new-vs-old): See how New York's Physical Science: Chemistry (NYSP12SLS) differs from legacy Physical Setting/Chemistry using side-by-side examples from the June 2026, August 2026, and 2025 NYSED sample exams.
- [2025 Chemistry Regents Reference Tables: PDF & 4-Page Guide | All Regents](https://newregents.com/chemistry/reference-tables): Open the official 4-page 2025 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Science: Chemistry. See every chart and formula on Pages 1–4, what was removed from the 2011 Tables A–T, and how real 2026 exam questions use them.
- [June 2026 Chemistry Regents Exam, Answer Key & Clusters | All Regents](https://newregents.com/chemistry/june-2026): Official June 2026 Physical Science: Chemistry Regents exam PDF, scoring key, rating guide, conversion chart (21/50 = 65 passing, 38/50 = 85 mastery), and interactive practice for all 11 clusters.
- [August 2026 Chemistry Regents Exam, Answer Key & Clusters | All Regents](https://newregents.com/chemistry/august-2026): Official August 2026 Physical Science: Chemistry Regents exam PDF, scoring key, rating guide, conversion chart (21/48 = 65 passing, 36/48 = 85 mastery), and interactive practice for all 11 clusters.
- [2025 Chemistry Regents Sample Clusters, Questions & Rubric Guide | All Regents](https://newregents.com/chemistry/sample-clusters): Practice all 3 official 2025 NYSED Physical Science: Chemistry sample clusters (Smartphone Chemistry, A Profitable Blueberry Field, and Evaluating Gas Stoves) free with the 2025 Reference Tables and scoring rubrics.
- [Chemistry Regents Practice Exam A (50 Questions, NYSP12SLS) | All Regents](https://newregents.com/chemistry/practice-exam-a): Full-length 50-question, 10-cluster NYSP12SLS Physical Science: Chemistry Practice Examination A with split-screen stimulus readings, 2025 Reference Tables, automatic MC grading, and constructed-response scoring guides.
- [Chemistry Regents Practice Exam B (50 Questions, NYSP12SLS) | All Regents](https://newregents.com/chemistry/practice-exam-b): Full-length 50-question, 10-cluster NYSP12SLS Physical Science: Chemistry Practice Examination B covering chemical reactions, matter structure, thermochemistry, nuclear decay, electromagnetic radiation, and HS-ETS1 engineering design.
- [Physics Regents Practice, 2026 Exam & Study Guide (NYSP12SLS) | All Regents](https://newregents.com/physics): Interactive cluster practice for New York's new NYSP12SLS Physical Science: Physics Regents exam: official June 2026 exam clusters, free Spring 2025 NYSED sample clusters, 2025 Physics Reference Tables, and full-length 50-question practice exams.
- [New vs. Old Physics Regents (2026–2027 Transition) | All Regents](https://newregents.com/physics/new-vs-old): Compare NYSED's new Physical Science: Physics Regents (NYSP12SLS) with the retiring Physical Setting/Physics exam: 50 cluster questions vs. 85 Parts A/B/C items, 2025 vs. 2006 Reference Tables, and 2027 same-slot exam dates.
- [June 2026 Physics Regents Exam, Answer Key & Clusters (NYSP12SLS) | All Regents](https://newregents.com/physics/june-2026): Practice all 10 phenomenon clusters (50 questions: 30 MC, 20 CR) from the June 2026 NYSP12SLS Physical Science: Physics Regents exam, including Pendulum Motion, Kidney Stone Detection, Motorcycle Helmets, and Charged Drops.
- [2025 Physics Regents Sample Clusters, Questions & Rubric Guide | All Regents](https://newregents.com/physics/sample-clusters): Work all 3 official NYSED Physical Science: Physics sample clusters (Bungee Jumping, Automotive Optics, and World Record Jumps) free in the interactive workspace with the 2025 Physics Reference Tables and scoring guides.
- [Physics Regents Practice Exam A (50 Questions, NYSP12SLS) | All Regents](https://newregents.com/physics/practice-exam-a): Full-length 50-question, 10-cluster NYSP12SLS Physical Science: Physics Practice Examination A covering forces and motion, conservation of energy, momentum collisions, electromagnetism, wave behavior, and nucleosynthesis.
- [Physics Regents Practice Exam B (50 Questions, NYSP12SLS) | All Regents](https://newregents.com/physics/practice-exam-b): Full-length 50-question, 10-cluster NYSP12SLS Physical Science: Physics Practice Examination B with multi-source data tables, mathematical models from the 2025 Physics Reference Tables, and official-style scoring rubrics.
- [2025 Physics Regents Reference Tables: PDF & Formula Guide | All Regents](https://newregents.com/physics/reference-tables): Open the official 2025 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Science: Physics. Review every constant, electromagnetic spectrum chart, and mathematical model for forces, energy, waves, and fields alongside real 2026 exam clusters.
- [Interactive Chemistry Workspace](https://newregents.com/chemistry/app): Free NYSED sample clusters, released 2026 exams, and full-length practice exams with split-screen stimulus, 2025 Reference Tables, and official scoring rubrics.
- [Interactive Physics Workspace](https://newregents.com/physics/app): Free NYSED Physics sample clusters and released 2026 Physics practice.
- [Full LLM Reference Corpus](https://newregents.com/llms-full.txt): Complete machine-readable breakdown of every exam, cluster, topic weight, conversion chart, and reference table change.

## Key Verified Facts (NYSP12SLS Physical Science: Chemistry & Physics)
- **Official Exam Titles:** Regents Examination in Physical Science: Chemistry (NYSP12SLS) and Regents Examination in Physical Science: Physics (NYSP12SLS)
- **Debut & Transition Overlap:** Debuted June 2026. Run in parallel with legacy *Physical Setting/Chemistry* and *Physical Setting/Physics* across four administrations: June 2026, August 2026, January 2027, and June 2027 (legacy exams retire after June 2027).
- **2027 Same-Slot Schedule Trap:** Both Chemistry Regents exams run simultaneously on Tuesday, January 26, 2027 at 1:15 p.m. and Wednesday, June 23, 2027 at 9:15 a.m. Both Physics Regents exams run simultaneously on Wednesday, January 27, 2027 at 1:15 p.m. and Thursday, June 24, 2027 at 9:15 a.m.
- **Exam Format:** 45–55 questions across 9–11 phenomenon clusters (~60% multiple choice, ~40% constructed response), 1 raw credit per question, 3-hour duration.
- **Reference Tables:** 4-page *2025 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Science: Chemistry* (replaces the 12-page 2011 Edition Tables A–T) and *2025 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Science: Physics*.
- **Lab Requirement:** 1,200 minutes of hands-on laboratory experience including all 3 required NYSED Investigations for each course.
- **June 2026 Chemistry Administration (June 9, 2026):** 50 questions, 11 clusters (29 MC, 21 CR). Conversion chart cutoffs: Level 5 Mastery (85–100) = 38–50 raw; Level 4 Proficient (78–84) = 32–37 raw; Level 3 Passing (65–77) = 21–31 raw; Level 2 Safety Net (55–64) = 15–20 raw; Level 1 (0–53) = 0–14 raw.
- **August 2026 Chemistry Administration (August 19, 2026):** 48 questions, 11 clusters (29 MC, 19 CR). Conversion chart cutoffs: Level 5 Mastery (85–100) = 36–48 raw; Level 4 Proficient (78–83) = 31–35 raw; Level 3 Passing (65–77) = 21–30 raw; Level 2 Safety Net (55–63) = 16–20 raw; Level 1 (0–53) = 0–15 raw.
- **June 2026 Physics Administration:** 50 questions, 10 clusters (30 MC, 20 CR).
- **All Regents Corpus Totals:** Chemistry: 663 questions across 135 clusters (113 official NYSED questions + 550 questions across 11 original full-length practice exams). Physics: 365 questions across 73 clusters.

## How the Chemistry Regents Changed: 6 Concrete Cluster Examples From Our Corpus
1. **Context-Bridged Modeling (Equilibria in the Blood, June 2026 Cluster 3, Q12 — https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c03):** Prompt asks students to "Draw an electron-dot diagram to model the gas released from the liver cells into the plasma" without naming CO2; students identify CO2 from the biological buffering diagram and draw the double-bonded Lewis structure.
2. **Multi-Source Calorimetry Without 2011 Table B (Urban Heat Islands, June 2026 Cluster 5, Q20 — https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c05):** Students combine brick mass (2,700 g) from prose, brick specific heat (0.84 J/g·°C) from the cluster table, and q = mcΔT from Page 4 of the 2025 Reference Tables (34,000 J).
3. **Filtering Unused Data in Support / Refute Claim-Evidence Tasks (Chemistry of Beverages, June 2026 Q8 — https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c02 & Safe Transport of Drinking Water, August 2026 Q46 — https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c11):** Students check Support or Refute boxes and write evidence-backed justifications while ignoring realistic distractor columns (such as unused bottling measurements in June Q8 or an untested ionization-energy column in August Q46).
4. **On-Diagram Partial Charges Without 2011 Table S (Indoor Air Pollution, June 2026 Cluster 11, Q50 — https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c11):** Students label four δ+ / δ− boxes on a molecular diagram of formaldehyde (CH2O) and water using qualitative periodic electronegativity trends.
5. **Multi-Indicator Acid-Base Reasoning Without 2011 Table M (A Profitable Blueberry Field, 2025 Sample Cluster 2, Q1 — https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/sample-c2 & Pool Water Chemistry, August 2026 Q25 — https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c06):** Clusters provide custom indicator tables to bracket soil pH (4.5–5.5) or complete a 4-sample pool water indicator table.
6. **Engineering Design (HS-ETS1) & Cross-Unit Storylines (Parade of Balloons, August 2026 Cluster 10, Q39–43 — https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c10):** Connects Group 18 properties, urethane vs. vinyl engineering criteria (HS-ETS1-1), combined gas-law calculations (HS-PS1-9), and uranium-238 alpha decay (HS-PS1-8) in one 5-question cluster.

## Complete Official & Practice Cluster Inventory

### June 2026 (Physical Science: Chemistry · official · 50 questions, 11 clusters)
- **How Glow Became Gloom** (Radium watch-dial painters and safer glowing dials: alpha decay, ion formation, and electron energy levels) — Q1–Q5 (2 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Nuclear chemistry, Periodic patterns, Bonding and formulas, Electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS4-4, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-06-c01#/practice
- **Chemistry of Beverages** (Soda going flat and acidic drinks in cans: gas solubility and temperature, moles to molecules, pH and indicators) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Stoichiometry and conservation, Thermochemistry, Solutions, Acids and bases | Standards: HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-11 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-06-c02#/practice
- **Equilibria in the Blood** (Oxygen and carbon dioxide carried in blood: collision theory, catalysts and reaction rate, Le Châtelier's principle) — Q11–Q14 (1 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Reaction rates, Polarity and molecular structure, Equilibrium | Standards: HS-PS1-5, HS-PS3-5, HS-PS1-6 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-06-c03#/practice
- **The Accidental Development of Breathable, Waterproof Fabric** (How PTFE became waterproof, breathable jackets: balancing equations, intermolecular forces, and polarity) — Q15–Q18 (3 MC, 1 CR) | Topics: Stoichiometry and conservation, Intermolecular forces, Materials and structure, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS2-6 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-06-c04#/practice
- **Urban Heat Islands** (Grass, artificial turf, brick, and paint in hot cities: specific heat, heat calculations, and absorbed wavelengths) — Q19–Q22 (3 MC, 1 CR) | Topics: Thermochemistry, Electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS4-4, HS-ETS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-06-c05#/practice
- **Balloon Arches** (Self-inflating mylar balloons for a winter dance: gas laws, stoichiometry, and endothermic vs exothermic reactions) — Q23–Q27 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Gases, Stoichiometry and conservation, Thermochemistry, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS1-9, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-06-c06#/practice
- **Clock Reaction** (Timing a starch–iodine color change: temperature and catalysts in reaction rate, plus oxidation numbers and molarity) — Q28–Q32 (4 MC, 1 CR) | Topics: Reaction rates, Acids and bases, Oxidation and reduction, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-12, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-06-c07#/practice
- **Chip Bag: PFAS vs PLA Plastics** (Choosing a chip-bag plastic: polymer formation, bond strength, periodic trends, and PFAS limits in drinking water) — Q33–Q37 (2 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Stoichiometry and conservation, Polarity and molecular structure, Periodic patterns, Materials and structure, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-7, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-06-c08#/practice
- **Photosynthetic Pathways** (Tracing oxygen-18 in algae and adjusting soil for raspberries: the photosynthesis equation, nuclear decay, and pH) — Q38–Q41 (2 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Photosynthesis, Nuclear chemistry, Acids and bases, Engineering design | Standards: HS-LS1-5, HS-PS1-8, HS-PS1-11, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-06-c09#/practice
- **All About Aluminum** (From bauxite to cans and foil: metallic bonding and properties, predicting formulas, and electrolysis half-reactions) — Q42–Q45 (3 MC, 1 CR) | Topics: Materials and structure, Bonding and formulas, Oxidation and reduction | Standards: HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS1-12 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-06-c10#/practice
- **Indoor Air Pollution** (VOCs, radon, and carbon monoxide at home: nuclear decay equations, intermolecular forces, and polarity in solutions) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Engineering design, Nuclear chemistry, Intermolecular forces, Solutions, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-ETS1-2, HS-PS1-8, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-06-c11 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-06-c11#/practice

### August 2026 (Physical Science: Chemistry · official · 48 questions, 11 clusters)
- **Electricity Generation in New York State** (Natural gas, nuclear fission, and fusion power: chemical vs nuclear energy, gas stoichiometry at STP, and nuclear decay) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Nuclear chemistry, Thermochemistry, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-7 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-08-c01#/practice
- **The Fruit Industry in New York State** (Growing grapes and apples and making jelly: soil pH, photosynthesis and conservation of mass, and boiling points) — Q6–Q9 (2 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Photosynthesis, Stoichiometry and conservation, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-LS1-5, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-08-c02#/practice
- **The Great American Solar Eclipse** (Eclipse glasses and sunscreen: the electromagnetic spectrum, emission spectra, and molecular structure and function) — Q10–Q13 (2 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design, Materials and structure | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-ETS1-2, HS-PS2-6 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-08-c03#/practice
- **Semiconductors** (Band gaps in Group 14 elements and doped silicon: periodic trends, ionization energy, and valence electrons) — Q14–Q17 (3 MC, 1 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Bonding and formulas, Materials and structure | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS2-6 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-08-c04#/practice
- **Go With the Flow** (Vacuum bottles and hot and cold packs: heat transfer, heats of solution, and attractions between ions and water) — Q18–Q21 (3 MC, 1 CR) | Topics: Thermochemistry, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-08-c05#/practice
- **Pool Water Chemistry** (Clearing cloudy pool water and keeping it sanitized: precipitates, Le Châtelier's principle, and pH indicators) — Q22–Q25 (3 MC, 1 CR) | Topics: Bonding and formulas, Acids and bases, Equilibrium | Standards: HS-PS1-2, HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-6 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-08-c06#/practice
- **The ABCs of Ultraviolet Radiation** (Sunburns and ozone alerts: UV wavelength and frequency, parts per million, and balancing an equation from a model) — Q26–Q29 (3 MC, 1 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-08-c07#/practice
- **Catalytic Converter in Cars** (Gasoline cars and the Clean Air Act: catalysts and rate, potential energy diagrams, and grams of CO₂ per liter of fuel) — Q30–Q33 (3 MC, 1 CR) | Topics: Reaction rates, Stoichiometry and conservation, Thermochemistry | Standards: HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-4 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-08-c08#/practice
- **Get a Whiff of That!** (Extracting essential oils and making perfume: polarity, intermolecular forces and evaporation, and percent by mass) — Q34–Q38 (2 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Intermolecular forces, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-08-c09#/practice
- **Parade of Balloons** (Helium parade balloons and a weather balloon: helium's electron arrangement, gas laws, and uranium decay) — Q39–Q43 (2 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Engineering design, Gases, Nuclear chemistry | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-1, HS-PS1-9, HS-PS1-8 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-08-c10#/practice
- **Safe Transport of Drinking Water** (Lead pipes, steel alloys, and a lead-removing filter: half-reactions, alloy structure, and reaction rate) — Q44–Q48 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Engineering design, Oxidation and reduction, Materials and structure, Bonding and formulas, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS1-12, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/2026-08-c11 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=2026-08-c11#/practice

### Sample clusters (Physical Science: Chemistry · official · 15 questions, 3 clusters)
- **Smartphone Chemistry** (Phone glass, aluminum, and lithium batteries: periodic patterns, mole–mass calculations, and electron transfer) — Q1–Q5 (2 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Materials and structure, Stoichiometry and conservation, Engineering design, Oxidation and reduction | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-7, HS-ETS1-1, HS-PS1-12 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/sample-c1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=sample-c1#/practice
- **A Profitable Blueberry Field** (Adjusting soil acidity for blueberries: pH and hydronium ions, acids and bases, and conservation of mass) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-7 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/sample-c2 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=sample-c2#/practice
- **Evaluating Gas Stoves** (A methane stove ban and reforestation: combustion and bonding, greenhouse-gas data, photon energy, and photosynthesis) — Q1–Q5 (2 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Bonding and formulas, Periodic patterns, Electromagnetic radiation, Photosynthesis | Standards: HS-PS1-2, HS-PS1-1, HS-PS4-4, HS-LS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/sample-c3 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=sample-c3#/practice

### Independent Chemistry Practice Examination A (Physical Science: Chemistry · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **The Oklo Uranium Deposit** (A uranium deposit low in U-235: isotopes, beta decay equations, Group 18 trends, and evidence from neodymium isotopes) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Nuclear chemistry, Periodic patterns, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c01r-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c01r-d1#/practice
- **Gallium** (Mendeleev's gap and gallium LEDs: valence electrons and formulas, periodic trends, metallic bonding, light frequency) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Materials and structure, Electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS4-4 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c02-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c02-d1#/practice
- **Flying in Air That Is Barely There** (NASA's Ingenuity in thin Mars air: particle density, pressure–volume graphs, the combined gas law, specific heat) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Engineering design, Gases, Energy calculations | Standards: HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS1-9, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c03r-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c03r-d1#/practice
- **Lithium Carbonate from Desert Brine** (Lithium from evaporation ponds to a carbonate reactor: percent by mass, moles, solubility curves, and ionic formulas) — Q16–Q20 (2 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation, Bonding and formulas | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c04rr-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c04rr-d1#/practice
- **Seawater Chemistry at an Oyster Hatchery** (CO₂-rich upwelling at an oyster hatchery: pH and hydronium ions, carbonate equations, proton donors, collision theory) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Stoichiometry and conservation, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c05-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c05-d1#/practice
- **A Library’s Slow Chemical Fire** (Acidic library paper turning brittle: potential energy diagrams, acids and bases, mass stoichiometry, and specific heat) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Thermochemistry, Solutions, Reaction rates, Stoichiometry and conservation, Energy calculations | Standards: HS-PS1-4, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c06-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c06-d1#/practice
- **A Warning Inside the Sealed Bag** (Cobalt chloride humidity cards for chip bags: concentration, percent water in a hydrate, Le Châtelier's principle) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation, Equilibrium, Thermochemistry, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-6, HS-PS1-4, HS-ETS1-4 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c07-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c07-d1#/practice
- **A Window That Stores Its Tint** (Smart windows tinted by lithium ions: half-reactions, oxidation numbers, energy conversion, attraction between charges) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Oxidation and reduction, Periodic patterns, Electric forces and energy | Standards: HS-PS1-12, HS-PS1-1, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c08-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c08-d1#/practice
- **How Long Can a Cold Box Stay Cold?** (Dry ice cooling test parts in a vented box: heat of sublimation, specific heat, phase changes, intermolecular forces) — Q41–Q45 (2 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Energy calculations, Periodic patterns, Intermolecular forces | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c09rr-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c09rr-d1#/practice
- **Red Snow and Absorbed Sunlight** (Pink snow algae speeding snowmelt: photon energy and wavelength, heat of fusion, photosynthesis, and reflectance) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Energy calculations, Photosynthesis, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-PS3-1, HS-LS1-5, HS-ETS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c10r-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-a-20261021-e48b1d8c-c10r-d1#/practice

### Independent Chemistry Practice Examination B (Physical Science: Chemistry · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Bomb Carbon in an Elephant Tusk** (Dating an elephant tusk with bomb carbon-14: nuclear equations, isotopes, nuclear vs chemical energy, photosynthesis) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Nuclear chemistry, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS1-7 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c01-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c01-d1#/practice
- **A Wire That Opens a Vent When It Warms** (A nitinol wire opening a cold-frame lid: atom arrangements, metallic bonding, direction of heat flow, energy conversions) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Materials and structure, Energy calculations | Standards: HS-PS2-6, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c02-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c02-d1#/practice
- **Filling a Hydrogen Storage Cylinder** (A hydrogen tank warming as it fills: liquid vs gas particles, kinetic energy and pressure, volume at STP, specific heat) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Intermolecular forces, Gases, Energy calculations, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS1-3, HS-PS1-9, HS-PS3-1, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c03-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c03-d1#/practice
- **Crystal Forms and Dissolving** (Two crystal forms of one compound: combustion equations, percent composition, attractions between molecules, saturation) — Q16–Q20 (2 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Bonding and formulas, Stoichiometry and conservation, Intermolecular forces, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-2, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c04-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c04-d1#/practice
- **Hydrangea Pigments in Model Mixtures** (Blue hydrangea color in model mixtures: controlled variables, pH and H₃O⁺, aluminum ion charge, collision theory) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Bonding and formulas, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c05-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c05-d1#/practice
- **An Air Bag Has Milliseconds to Make Gas** (Sodium azide in a model air-bag inflator: rate and collisions, potential energy diagrams, specific heat, stoichiometry) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Reaction rates, Thermochemistry, Energy calculations, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-4, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-7 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c06-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c06-d1#/practice
- **Turning Dissolved Carbon Dioxide into Stone** (Storing CO₂ as carbonate rock in basalt: gas solubility and pressure, mass stoichiometry, Group 2 trends, Le Châtelier) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation, Periodic patterns, Equilibrium, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-6, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c07-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c07-d1#/practice
- **Saving the Iron Behind the Copper Skin** (Iron corroding under the Statue of Liberty's copper: half-reactions, ionic formulas, electron flow, moles of electrons) — Q36–Q40 (2 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Oxidation and reduction, Bonding and formulas, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-12, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS1-7 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c08-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c08-d1#/practice
- **Making Snow When the Air Seems Too Warm** (Snowmaking above freezing: evaporative cooling, intermolecular forces, and heats of fusion and vaporization) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Intermolecular forces, Energy calculations | Standards: HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c09-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c09-d1#/practice
- **Tracing the Oxygen Released by Algae** (Algae, colored lamps, and oxygen-18 tracers: absorbed light, photon energy and wavelength, isotopes, photosynthesis) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Photosynthesis, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-LS1-5, HS-ETS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c10-d1 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-replica-exam-b-20261021-a40b5537-c10-d1#/practice

### Chemistry Practice Examination · 104 (Physical Science: Chemistry · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Tritium Exit Signs** (Tritium exit signs and their plastic cases: nuclear decay equations, valence electrons, and polymer structure) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Materials and structure, Nuclear chemistry, Periodic patterns, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-8, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c01#/practice
- **Borosilicate Glass in the Laboratory** (Glassware that survives heating: Si vs O trends, network covalent solids, and intermolecular forces from boiling data) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Bonding and formulas, Materials and structure, Intermolecular forces, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c02#/practice
- **Gas in a Sealed, Flexible Bag Rising Through Water** (A lift bag rising through water: Boyle's law, the combined gas law, and O₂ from peroxide in mass and heat problems) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Gases, Stoichiometry and conservation, Thermochemistry | Standards: HS-PS1-9, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c03#/practice
- **Recovering Salts from Lake Brine** (Evaporating a three-salt model brine: molarity, percent by mass, and stoichiometry of a magnesium precipitate) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation, Bonding and formulas | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c04#/practice
- **Acid Formation During Yogurt Fermentation** (Tracking pH as milk becomes yogurt: hydronium ion concentration, acids and bases, indicators, and freezing point) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c05#/practice
- **Enzymes and Peroxide Bleach in Laundry Products** (Protease detergents and peroxide bleach: potential energy diagrams, catalysts and temperature in rate, and specific heat) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Thermochemistry, Reaction rates, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-4, HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c06#/practice
- **Heating Limestone to Make Lime** (Limestone in a sealed model and crucible: Le Châtelier's principle, CO₂ mass, Group 2 trends, flame temperature vs rate) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Equilibrium, Stoichiometry and conservation, Periodic patterns, Engineering design, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-6, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c07#/practice
- **Purifying Copper by Electrolysis** (Moving copper from impure to pure strips: half-reactions, charge carriers in wire and solution, and oxidation numbers) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Oxidation and reduction, Materials and structure, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-12, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c08#/practice
- **Recharging a Reusable Heat Pack** (Crystallizing and recharging a heat pack: particle attractions, heat of fusion, specific heat, and solubility) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Intermolecular forces, Thermochemistry, Solutions, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c09#/practice
- **Light for an Orbital Garden** (Red, blue, and green LEDs for space lettuce: photon frequency and energy, why leaves look dark, and UV safety) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Photosynthesis, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-LS1-5, HS-ETS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-104-202610-bd228220-c10#/practice

### Chemistry Practice Examination · 105 (Physical Science: Chemistry · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Heat for a Spacecraft** (A plutonium-238 generator vs a magnesium heater: nuclear vs chemical energy, alpha decay, and Group 2 reactivity) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Nuclear chemistry, Periodic patterns, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c01#/practice
- **Graphite and Diamond: Two Forms of Carbon** (Pencils, motor brushes, and furnace linings: covalent bonding, conductivity, and forces within and between layers) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Bonding and formulas, Materials and structure, Intermolecular forces, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c02#/practice
- **A Sealed Gas Bag Rising Through Water** (A nitrogen lift bag rising from 30 m: Boyle's law, the combined gas law, molar volume at STP, and thermal energy) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Gases, Stoichiometry and conservation, Thermochemistry | Standards: HS-PS1-9, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c03#/practice
- **Recovering Salts from Lake Brine** (Evaporating a sodium chloride model brine: percent by mass, precipitation equations, percent composition, ion charges) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation, Bonding and formulas | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c04#/practice
- **Comparing Two Vinegar Samples** (Titrating two vinegars with NaOH: pH and hydronium ions, acids in forward and reverse reactions, and freezing point) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c05#/practice
- **Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Monoxide in Exhaust** (A catalytic converter model: potential and bond energy, catalyst surface area and rate, stoichiometry, and specific heat) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Thermochemistry, Reaction rates, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-4, HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c06#/practice
- **Heating Limestone to Make Lime** (Limestone in a sealed model and crucible: Le Châtelier's principle, CO₂ mass, Group 2 trends, particle size vs rate) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Equilibrium, Stoichiometry and conservation, Periodic patterns, Engineering design, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-6, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c07#/practice
- **A Zinc-Air Cell** (Zinc-air hearing-aid cells: half-reactions, electron flow and energy conversion, oxidation numbers, ion–water attraction) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Oxidation and reduction, Materials and structure, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-12, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c08#/practice
- **A Reusable Sodium Acetate Heat Pack** (Melting and re-forming hand-warmer crystals: particle attractions, heat of fusion, specific heat, and percent by mass) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Intermolecular forces, Thermochemistry, Solutions, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c09#/practice
- **Lighting a Growth Chamber for Plants in Space** (LED panels for space lettuce: the electromagnetic spectrum, photon energy, photosynthesis, and a claim about green light) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Photosynthesis, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-LS1-5, HS-ETS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-105-202610-67374c99-c10#/practice

### Chemistry Practice Examination · 106 (Physical Science: Chemistry · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Potassium-40 Decay in Rocks** (Potassium-40 in rocks and potash fertilizer: nuclear decay equations, nuclear vs chemical energy, and valence electrons) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Nuclear chemistry, Periodic patterns, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c01#/practice
- **Magnesium for a Lightweight Tool Housing** (A magnesium alloy drill housing: Group 2 trends, ionic formulas, alloy structure, and water beading on coatings) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Bonding and formulas, Materials and structure, Intermolecular forces, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c02#/practice
- **Gas in a Rising Lift Bag** (A diver's lift bag and a CO₂-producing reaction: gas laws and temperature, molar volume at STP, and specific heat) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Gases, Stoichiometry and conservation, Thermochemistry | Standards: HS-PS1-9, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c03#/practice
- **Preparing and Testing a Deicing Brine** (Road salt in meltwater and brine: percent by mass, parts per million, and silver chloride precipitation stoichiometry) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation, Bonding and formulas | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c04#/practice
- **Comparing Two Vinegar Samples** (Diluting and titrating two vinegars: pH and hydronium ions, acids and bases, and how dilution changes freezing point) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c05#/practice
- **Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Monoxide in Exhaust** (A catalytic converter test stand: potential energy diagrams, catalysts and temperature in rate, and specific heat) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Thermochemistry, Reaction rates, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-4, HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c06#/practice
- **Hydrogen from Methane and Steam** (Steam-methane reforming designs: adding steam at equilibrium, mass stoichiometry, bond energy trends, catalyst pellets) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Equilibrium, Stoichiometry and conservation, Periodic patterns, Engineering design, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-6, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c07#/practice
- **Moving Copper Between Electrodes** (Two copper strips in CuSO₄: half-reactions, the electron path, oxidation numbers, and water near Cu²⁺ and SO₄²⁻) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Oxidation and reduction, Materials and structure, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-12, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c08#/practice
- **Moving Heat Through a Sealed Pipe** (Picking a heat pipe's working liquid: intermolecular forces and vapor pressure, specific heat, and parts per million) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Intermolecular forces, Thermochemistry, Solutions, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c09#/practice
- **Lettuce Under Adjustable LED Lamps** (Lettuce glowing red under blue LEDs: classifying radiation, electron energy levels, and photon energy at two settings) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Photosynthesis, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-LS1-5, HS-ETS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-full-full-exam-106-202610-674ee731-c10#/practice

### Physics · June 2026 (Physical Science: Physics · official · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Pendulum Motion** (A pendulum simulation and a Skycoaster ride: conservation of energy with friction, force diagrams, and projectile motion) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS3-2, HS-PS2-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-june-2026-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-june-2026-c01#/practice
- **Kidney Stone Detection and Removal** (Ultrasound scans and laser treatment: wave phenomena and wavelength, wave and particle models of light, photon energy) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS4-5, HS-PS4-1, HS-PS4-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-june-2026-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-june-2026-c02#/practice
- **Heat Exchange** (Power plants and a coolant test: energy transformations, efficiency, and specific heat capacity) — Q11–Q14 (2 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy | Standards: HS-PS3-3, HS-PS3-4 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-june-2026-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-june-2026-c03#/practice
- **Motorcycle Helmets** (Testing helmet foam with a dummy head: impulse and impact time, Newton's second law, and kinetic energy in a fall) — Q15–Q20 (4 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Engineering design, Energy, Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-ETS1-2, HS-PS3-3, HS-PS2-3, HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-june-2026-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-june-2026-c04#/practice
- **Emission Spectra and Nuclear Fusion** (Hydrogen spectra from a lab tube and a galaxy: detecting relative motion, photon energy, and mass–energy in fusion) — Q21–Q24 (3 MC, 1 CR) | Topics: Earth and space science, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Matter and nuclear processes | Standards: HS-ESS1-2, HS-PS4-1, HS-PS1-8 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-june-2026-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-june-2026-c05#/practice
- **The Cell Phone** (Phone cameras, face unlock, and radiation safety: lenses and mirrors, index of refraction, and photon energy) — Q25–Q29 (2 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Energy | Standards: HS-PS4-6, HS-PS4-1, HS-PS3-3, HS-PS4-4 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-june-2026-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-june-2026-c06#/practice
- **Flashlight Physics** (Flashlights and LED bulbs: Ohm's law and circuits, infrared and visible light, and electrical energy use) — Q30–Q35 (4 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Energy, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS2-4, HS-PS4-1, HS-PS3-6, HS-ETS1-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-june-2026-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-june-2026-c07#/practice
- **From Astro Blaster to Supernova** (A stacked-ball toy as a supernova model: conservation of momentum and energy, free fall, and collision forces) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Forces and interactions, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS2-1, HS-PS2-2, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-june-2026-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-june-2026-c08#/practice
- **Voice Recognition Software** (Speech-to-text and a recorded tuning fork: analog vs digital sound, sampling rate, and wave frequency) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS4-2, HS-PS4-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-june-2026-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-june-2026-c09#/practice
- **Charged Drops** (Millikan's oil drop and inkjet printers: electric fields, electric and gravitational forces, and acceleration) — Q46–Q50 (4 MC, 1 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy | Standards: HS-PS2-4, HS-PS3-5, HS-PS2-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-june-2026-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-june-2026-c10#/practice

### Physics · Spring 2025 samples (Physical Science: Physics · official · 15 questions, 3 clusters)
- **Bungee Jumping** (A 233-meter jump from the Macau Tower: gravitational potential energy, energy transformations, and force diagrams) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-samples-2025-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-samples-2025-c01#/practice
- **Automotive Optics** (Headlight, rearview, and side mirrors on a car: reflection and ray diagrams for plane, concave, and convex mirrors) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS3-3, HS-PS4-6, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-samples-2025-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-samples-2025-c02#/practice
- **World Record Jumps** (Long jump and high jump world records: Newton's second law, projectile motion, and landing impact) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS2-1, HS-PS2-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-samples-2025-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-samples-2025-c03#/practice

### Physics Practice Exam A (Physical Science: Physics · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Motion of a Service Elevator Car** (A crate on a scale in a moving elevator: acceleration from velocity graphs, net force, energy changes, circular motion) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy | Standards: HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-a-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-a-c01#/practice
- **Protecting a Field Seismometer in Transit** (Model carts and drop-tested foam crates for a delicate instrument: momentum in collisions, impulse and stopping time) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS2-2, HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-1, HS-ETS1-2, HS-PS2-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-a-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-a-c02#/practice
- **Raising a Rescue Litter with a Winch** (A battery winch lifting a rescue stretcher up a cliff: work and energy, energy bar models, and net force at start-up) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Engineering design, Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS3-2, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS2-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-a-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-a-c03#/practice
- **Keeping a Field Battery Cool** (A hot aluminum block models a field battery: thermal energy transfer, specific heat, energy budgets, cooling designs) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS3-4, HS-PS3-1, HS-ETS1-4, HS-PS3-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-a-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-a-c04#/practice
- **Lights for a Night-Delivery Bicycle** (Bicycle lights and a charged valve cap: Ohm's law and electrical power, series vs parallel circuits, and electric fields) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS3-6, HS-PS2-4, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-a-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-a-c05#/practice
- **Power from a Crank** (A hand-cranked emergency radio: electromagnetic induction, magnetic forces, universal gravitation, and energy losses) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy | Standards: HS-PS2-5, HS-PS3-3, HS-PS3-5, HS-PS2-4, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-a-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-a-c06#/practice
- **Monitoring Water Depth with Sound** (An ultrasonic depth gauge for a rainwater tank: wavelength and frequency, echo timing, period, superposition of light) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS4-1, HS-PS4-5, HS-PS4-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-a-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-a-c07#/practice
- **Seeing Inside a Narrow Channel** (An inspection camera inside a duct: index of refraction, lens and mirror ray diagrams, and wave vs particle models) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS4-1, HS-PS4-6, HS-PS4-3, HS-PS4-4 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-a-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-a-c08#/practice
- **A Wetland Sound Archive** (Archiving wetland animal calls: analog-to-digital sampling, sound frequency and amplitude, and design criteria) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-2, HS-PS4-1, HS-ETS1-1, HS-PS4-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-a-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-a-c09#/practice
- **Following the Light of a Star-Forming Region** (Young stars and glowing helium gas: deuterium fusion, mass–energy, photon energy, and galaxy motion from spectral lines) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Matter and nuclear processes, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Earth and space science | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS4-1, HS-ESS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-a-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-a-c10#/practice

### Physics Practice Exam B (Physical Science: Physics · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Delivering a Sensor Marker from a Rotating Platform** (A tethered carrier circling at steady speed drops a marker: circular motion, force diagrams, energy, horizontal launch) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy | Standards: HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-b-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-b-c01#/practice
- **Protecting Equipment on Automated Carts** (Colliding model delivery carts with bumpers: momentum, energy bar models, impulse and contact time, design priorities) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS2-2, HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS2-3, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-b-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-b-c02#/practice
- **Generating Electricity from Channel Runoff** (A microhydro generator in a runoff channel: energy conservation, electromagnetic induction, efficiency, and power) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Forces and interactions, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS3-2, HS-PS2-5, HS-PS3-3, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-b-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-b-c03#/practice
- **Keeping Seedlings Warm After Sunset** (A ceramic floor storing daytime heat for seedlings: thermal energy transfer, specific heat, and design constraints) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS3-4, HS-PS3-1, HS-ETS1-4 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-b-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-b-c04#/practice
- **Capturing Dust with Electric Fields** (An electrostatic dust collector: electric fields between plates, Coulomb's law, Ohm's law in a parallel circuit) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS2-4, HS-PS3-6, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-b-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-b-c05#/practice
- **A Mirror at the Warehouse Intersection** (A safety mirror at a blind warehouse corner: ray diagrams for convex and concave mirrors, and real vs virtual images) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS4-6 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-b-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-b-c06#/practice
- **Seismic Signals at a Bridge** (A seismic alert station on a bridge: digital sampling of signals, wavelength, period and amplitude, and work) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Energy | Standards: HS-PS4-2, HS-PS4-1, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-b-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-b-c07#/practice
- **Tracing a Faint Microwave Signal** (A simulated survey of galaxies and background radiation: spectral shifts, Big Bang evidence, wave speed, refraction) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Earth and space science, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Energy | Standards: HS-ESS1-2, HS-PS4-1, HS-PS3-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-b-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-b-c08#/practice
- **Reading an Electronic Radiation Badge** (A radiation badge near a gamma source: nuclear energy states, photon energy, and testing a shield with count data) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Matter and nuclear processes, Waves and electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS4-3, HS-PS4-4, HS-PS4-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-b-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-b-c09#/practice
- **Keeping a Coastal Warning Buoy Operating** (Testing a prototype warning buoy: force diagrams, Newton's second law, impulse, electrical energy, radio wavelength) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy, Waves and electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS4-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-b-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-b-c10#/practice

### Chemistry Practice Examination · 113 (Physical Science: Chemistry · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Heat for a Spacecraft** (Pu-238 power for a climate satellite: nuclear equations, cross-linked wire insulation, and helium's electron arrangement) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Nuclear chemistry, Materials and structure, Periodic patterns, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c01#/practice
- **Glass Through Temperature Changes** (Borosilicate glass warming water: boron vs aluminum trends, network covalent bonding, and liquid vs vapor water) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Bonding and formulas, Materials and structure, Intermolecular forces, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c02#/practice
- **Storing Air for Later Use** (Compressed-air energy storage: Boyle's law, pressure vs temperature at fixed volume, the combined gas law, specific heat) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Gases, Stoichiometry and conservation, Thermochemistry | Standards: HS-PS1-9, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c03#/practice
- **Salt Left by the Water** (Concentrating lake brine in the sun: percent by mass, dissociation equations, gas volume at STP, carbonate precipitates) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation, Bonding and formulas | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c04#/practice
- **Acid Forms During Fermentation** (Lactic acid in a fermentation model: pH and hydronium ion concentration, proton donors and acceptors, and boiling point) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c05#/practice
- **A Stain and a Catalyst** (A protease on a laundry stain: potential energy diagrams, temperature and collisions, mole ratios, and specific heat) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Thermochemistry, Reaction rates, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-4, HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c06#/practice
- **Refining an Ammonia Process** (Haber–Bosch ammonia: removing product from equilibrium, mole ratios, Group 1 trends for promoters, and catalysts) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Equilibrium, Stoichiometry and conservation, Periodic patterns, Engineering design, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-6, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c07#/practice
- **A Rechargeable Spacecraft Battery** (Hubble's nickel–hydrogen batteries: half-reactions, oxidation numbers, energy conversion, and water near K⁺ ions) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Oxidation and reduction, Materials and structure, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-12, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c08#/practice
- **Air Passing a Wet Surface** (Evaporative coolers: boiling points and intermolecular forces, heat lost by cooling air, mass percent, hydrogen bonding) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Intermolecular forces, Thermochemistry, Solutions, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c09#/practice
- **Light for an Orbital Garden** (Choosing red and blue lamps for space lettuce: wavelength and frequency, classifying radiation, and photon energy) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Photosynthesis, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-LS1-5, HS-ETS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-113-permuted-889d7207-c10#/practice

### Chemistry Practice Examination · 114 (Physical Science: Chemistry · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Self-Luminous Exit Sign Tubes** (How tritium tubes make exit signs glow: beta decay equations, nuclear vs chemical energy, and valence electrons) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Nuclear chemistry, Periodic patterns, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c01#/practice
- **Graphite at a Moving Contact** (Graphite motor brushes: Period 2 trends, molecular formulas, mobile electrons, and graphite's softness) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Bonding and formulas, Materials and structure, Intermolecular forces, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c02#/practice
- **A Lift Bag in Changing Pressure** (A lift bag pushed deeper: Boyle's law and particle collisions, the combined gas law, CO₂ mole ratios, and specific heat) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Gases, Stoichiometry and conservation, Thermochemistry | Standards: HS-PS1-9, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c03#/practice
- **From Fertilizer Crystals to Stock Solution** (Preparing potassium nitrate fertilizer stock: molarity, neutralization equations, nitrogen mass, carbonate precipitates) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation, Bonding and formulas | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c04#/practice
- **A Stone Surface in Acidic Rain** (Acid rain on marble and limestone: pH and hydronium ion concentration, proton donors and acceptors, and dilution) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c05#/practice
- **Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition** (Collecting oxygen with and without MnO₂: potential energy diagrams, activation energy, mole ratios, and specific heat) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Thermochemistry, Reaction rates, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-4, HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c06#/practice
- **Heating Limestone** (A lime kiln with CO₂ capture: temperature and Le Châtelier's principle, CO₂ volume at STP, Group 2 trends, surface area) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Equilibrium, Stoichiometry and conservation, Periodic patterns, Engineering design, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-6, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c07#/practice
- **Copper Electrodes and Conducting Wires** (A copper-transfer cell and copper oxide: half-reactions, oxidation numbers, metallic bonding, and water near Cu²⁺) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Oxidation and reduction, Materials and structure, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-12, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c08#/practice
- **Recharging a Reusable Heat Pack** (Sodium acetate crystallizing and remelting: ionic attractions and energy, specific heat, mass percent, water orientation) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Intermolecular forces, Thermochemistry, Solutions, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c09#/practice
- **A Camera Looking at Leaves** (Red and near-infrared filters for spotting plants: photon energy, electron energy levels, and leaf reflectance) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Photosynthesis, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-LS1-5, HS-ETS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-114-permuted-ebf80c2a-c10#/practice

### Chemistry Practice Examination · 115 (Physical Science: Chemistry · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Potassium and Argon in Rocks** (Argon released from heated rock: nuclear vs chemical change, beta decay equations, K and Ca ions, comparing designs) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Nuclear chemistry, Periodic patterns, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c01#/practice
- **A Lighter Protective Housing** (Magnesium housings and a rinse liquid: predicting ion charges, metallic conduction, vapor pressure, and water's polarity) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Bonding and formulas, Materials and structure, Intermolecular forces, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c02#/practice
- **Air in a Bicycle Pump** (A bicycle pump compressing air: Boyle's law, the combined gas law, O₂ from peroxide at STP, and specific heat) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Gases, Stoichiometry and conservation, Thermochemistry | Standards: HS-PS1-9, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c03#/practice
- **Preparing a Deicing Brine** (Road-salt brine in the lab: percent by mass, balancing sodium + chlorine, neutralization stoichiometry, how ions form) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation, Bonding and formulas | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c04#/practice
- **Comparing Two Vinegar Samples** (Two vinegars titrated with NaOH: pH and hydronium ions, proton donors and acceptors, titration endpoints, dilution) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c05#/practice
- **Cleaning an Exhaust Stream** (CO oxidation in a model converter: catalyst energy diagrams, temperature and time to endpoint, CO₂ mass, specific heat) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Thermochemistry, Reaction rates, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-4, HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c06#/practice
- **Hydrogen from Methane and Steam** (Steam-methane reforming: temperature and Le Châtelier's principle, H₂ mole ratios, Group 14 bond energies, catalysts) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Equilibrium, Stoichiometry and conservation, Periodic patterns, Engineering design, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-6, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c07#/practice
- **Moving Copper Between Electrodes** (Copper plates A and B in CuSO₄ with a power supply: reduction half-reaction, energy conversion, oxidation numbers) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Oxidation and reduction, Materials and structure, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-12, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c08#/practice
- **Moving Heat Through a Sealed Pipe** (A water heat pipe: vapor pressure and boiling point, evaporation, specific heat, g/L concentration, ions in water) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Intermolecular forces, Thermochemistry, Solutions, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c09#/practice
- **A Plant Room with Adjustable Lamps** (Red and blue LEDs for a plant room: wavelength, frequency and photon energy, mercury spectral lines, photosynthesis) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Photosynthesis, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-LS1-5, HS-ETS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-115-permuted-8c6b984c-c10#/practice

### Chemistry Practice Examination · 116 (Physical Science: Chemistry · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Power for a Shadowed Probe** (Radioisotope power for a probe in long darkness: fission vs combustion, alpha decay, cross-linked insulation, Group 13) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Nuclear chemistry, Materials and structure, Periodic patterns, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c01#/practice
- **Glass for Repeated Heating** (Borosilicate beakers heated and rinsed: B vs Al trends, network covalent bonding, evaporation of three liquids, polarity) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Bonding and formulas, Materials and structure, Intermolecular forces, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c02#/practice
- **Air Under Pressure** (Stored air in a syringe and a heated rigid bottle: Boyle's law, pressure vs temperature, O₂ in air at STP, specific heat) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Gases, Stoichiometry and conservation, Thermochemistry | Standards: HS-PS1-9, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c03#/practice
- **Salt from Brine** (Solar-evaporated lake brine: making a percent-by-mass solution, a magnesium precipitation equation, decomposition mass) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation, Bonding and formulas | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c04#/practice
- **Acidity in a Yogurt Model** (Milk with yogurt starter vs a control: pH and hydronium ions, Brønsted–Lowry acids, indicator ranges, boiling point) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c05#/practice
- **A Stain and a Catalyst** (Protease in laundry: activation energy from a potential energy table, temperature and rate, O₂ at STP, specific heat) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Thermochemistry, Reaction rates, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-4, HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c06#/practice
- **Refining an Ammonia Process** (Haber–Bosch design trade-offs: pressure and Le Châtelier's principle, Group 15 bond energy trends, NH₃ mass, catalysts) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Stoichiometry and conservation, Equilibrium, Engineering design, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-6, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c07#/practice
- **A Rechargeable Spacecraft Battery** (Hubble's nickel–hydrogen cells on discharge: half-reactions, oxidation numbers, metallic bonding, and water near Ni²⁺) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Oxidation and reduction, Materials and structure, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-12, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c08#/practice
- **Air Passing a Wet Surface** (Evaporative cooler pads: surface polarity, vapor pressure, heat of vaporization, percent by mass, and water around ions) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Intermolecular forces, Thermochemistry, Solutions, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c09#/practice
- **Light for an Orbital Garden** (Space-garden lights without UV: photon energy by color, a glowing indicator's electrons, leaf reflectance, photosynthesis) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Photosynthesis, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-LS1-5, HS-ETS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-116-permuted-00d5b929-c10#/practice

### Chemistry Practice Examination · 117 (Physical Science: Chemistry · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Tritium Exit Markers** (Tritium exit markers for a dark room: polymers in a heat-resistant frame, beta decay and half-life, hydrogen isotopes) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Materials and structure, Nuclear chemistry, Periodic patterns, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-8, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c01#/practice
- **Carbon in a Sliding Contact** (Graphite for a sliding contact: carbon vs silicon trends, covalent formulas, mobile electrons, CO₂–water attraction) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Bonding and formulas, Materials and structure, Intermolecular forces, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c02#/practice
- **A Flexible Lift Bag** (A sealed lift bag at constant temperature: Boyle's law graphs, CO₂ moles from baking soda, exothermic vs endothermic) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Gases, Stoichiometry and conservation, Thermochemistry | Standards: HS-PS1-9, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c03#/practice
- **From Fertilizer Crystals to Stock Solution** (Potassium nitrate stock solutions: percent by mass, molarity, a balanced decomposition, K₂CO₃ mass, carbonate solubility) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation, Bonding and formulas | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c04#/practice
- **A Stone Surface in Acidic Rain** (Calcite chips in acidified water: pH and hydronium ions, H₃O⁺ vs OH⁻, how acid dissolves calcite, dilution volumes) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c05#/practice
- **Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition** (MnO₂ and hydrogen peroxide: potential energy profiles, activation energy, mole ratios, and checking a heat-release claim) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Thermochemistry, Reaction rates, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-4, HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c06#/practice
- **What Leaves the Heated Limestone?** (Calcining limestone: Le Châtelier's principle, CO₂ volume at STP, Group 2 decomposition trends, CaO yield vs CO₂ capture) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Equilibrium, Stoichiometry and conservation, Periodic patterns, Engineering design, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-6, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c07#/practice
- **A Cell That Uses Air** (Zinc-air cell with a carbon backing: oxygen reduction half-reaction, oxidation numbers, conducting carbon, water near K⁺) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Oxidation and reduction, Materials and structure, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-12, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c08#/practice
- **Recharging a Reusable Heat Pack** (Sodium acetate and solvent choice: polar vs nonpolar solvents, evaporation and attractions, specific heat, mass percent) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Intermolecular forces, Thermochemistry, Solutions, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c09#/practice
- **Lighting an Orbital Plant Chamber** (A plant chamber on a power budget: blue vs red photon energy, a glowing indicator patch, leaf absorption, photosynthesis) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Photosynthesis, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-LS1-5, HS-ETS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-117-permuted-4db9ad9b-c10#/practice

### Chemistry Practice Examination · 118 (Physical Science: Chemistry · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Potassium and the Record in Rock** (Potassium-40 in rock: nuclear vs chemical energy, beta and gamma emission, potassium vs sodium, a gas-collector design) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Nuclear chemistry, Periodic patterns, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS1-8, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c01#/practice
- **A Lighter Protective Housing** (Magnesium-alloy shells: Ca vs Mg ionization energy, an aluminum oxide formula, metallic conduction, water near Mg²⁺) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Periodic patterns, Bonding and formulas, Materials and structure, Intermolecular forces, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-1, HS-PS1-2, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c02#/practice
- **A Flexible Bag Rising Through Water** (A nitrogen-filled lift bag: Boyle's and Charles's laws, the combined gas law, NH₃ molecules from N₂, and specific heat) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Gases, Stoichiometry and conservation, Thermochemistry | Standards: HS-PS1-9, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c03#/practice
- **Preparing a Deicing Brine** (Road-salt brine and other chloride deicers: molarity, silver chloride precipitation, chlorine mass, and ionic formulas) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Solutions, Stoichiometry and conservation, Bonding and formulas | Standards: HS-PS1-10, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c04#/practice
- **Comparing Two Vinegar Samples** (Vinegar with added sodium acetate: pH and hydronium ions, Brønsted–Lowry acids and bases, and boiling point elevation) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Acids and bases, Solutions | Standards: HS-PS1-11, HS-PS1-10 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c05#/practice
- **Cleaning an Exhaust Stream** (CO oxidation with and without a catalyst: potential energy diagrams, activation energy, CO₂ mass, specific heat) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Thermochemistry, Reaction rates, Stoichiometry and conservation | Standards: HS-PS1-4, HS-PS1-5, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c06#/practice
- **Hydrogen from Methane and Steam** (The water-gas shift step: temperature and Le Châtelier's principle, H₂ mole ratios, Group 2 metal reactivity, catalysts) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Equilibrium, Stoichiometry and conservation, Periodic patterns, Engineering design, Reaction rates | Standards: HS-PS1-6, HS-PS1-7, HS-PS1-1, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS1-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c07#/practice
- **Moving Copper Between Electrodes** (Copper anode and cathode in CuSO₄: oxidation half-reaction, electron gain and loss at each electrode, water near Cu²⁺) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Oxidation and reduction, Materials and structure, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-12, HS-PS2-6, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c08#/practice
- **Moving Heat Through a Sealed Pipe** (Inside a water heat pipe: evaporation, condensation and attractions, heat of vaporization, concentration, ions in water) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Intermolecular forces, Thermochemistry, Solutions, Polarity and molecular structure | Standards: HS-PS1-3, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-10, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c09#/practice
- **A Plant Room with Adjustable Lamps** (Red, blue, and white lamps for shoot growth: wavelength and frequency, photon energy vs photon count, photosynthesis) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Electromagnetic radiation, Photosynthesis, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-4, HS-LS1-5, HS-ETS1-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/chemistry/clusters/practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/chemistry/app?cluster=practice-codex-118-permuted-b24a25a6-c10#/practice

### Physics Practice Exam D (Physical Science: Physics · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Catching a Lead-Climbing Fall** (Rope and belay tests at a climbing gym: free fall, impulse and average net force, force diagrams, and stopping time) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS2-1, HS-PS2-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-d-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-d-c01#/practice
- **Launching and Recovering a Model Rocket** (A model rocket flight: impulse from a thrust graph, force diagrams, potential energy, and momentum at separation) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy | Standards: HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-2, HS-PS2-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-d-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-d-c02#/practice
- **Archerfish at a Mangrove Field Station** (Archerfish spitting water at insects: refraction and index of refraction, projectile motion, and impulse) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS4-1, HS-PS2-1, HS-PS2-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-d-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-d-c03#/practice
- **Regenerative Braking on a City Bus** (Battery-electric and diesel buses: energy transformations, energy from a power–time graph, cooling, CO₂ tradeoffs) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS3-4, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS3-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-d-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-d-c04#/practice
- **Reading DNA Evidence in a Gel** (Gel electrophoresis in a forensic lab: Ohm's law and electrical power, uniform electric fields, and photon energy) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Forces and interactions, Waves and electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS3-6, HS-PS2-4, HS-PS4-1, HS-PS3-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-d-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-d-c05#/practice
- **Timing a Tsunami Across the Pacific** (Deep-ocean tsunami stations: how wave speed depends on depth, travel time and warning, and energy from sea-floor uplift) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design, Energy | Standards: HS-PS4-1, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-d-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-d-c06#/practice
- **Noise-Cancelling Headsets on the Airport Ramp** (Headsets that cancel jet-engine hum: wave superposition, period and frequency, digital sampling, and circuit design) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design, Energy | Standards: HS-PS4-1, HS-PS4-2, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS3-6 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-d-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-d-c07#/practice
- **The Automatic Supermarket Door** (A microwave sensor on a sliding door: reflected-wave frequency, speed–time graphs, kinetic energy, current and charge) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Forces and interactions, Energy | Standards: HS-PS4-1, HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS4-2, HS-PS3-6 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-d-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-d-c08#/practice
- **Driving Piles for a Ferry Pier** (Driving steel piles beside a hospital: work and energy, impulse and average force, sound speed, and design tradeoffs) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Forces and interactions, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS2-3, HS-PS4-1, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-d-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-d-c09#/practice
- **A Solar Observatory Exhibit** (How the Sun shines, in an observatory exhibit: fusion energy, a lens image of the Sun, Big Bang evidence, efficiency) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Matter and nuclear processes, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Earth and space science | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS1-8, HS-PS4-6, HS-ESS1-2, HS-PS3-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-d-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-d-c10#/practice

### Physics Practice Exam E (Physical Science: Physics · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Ball Machine on the Practice Court** (A tennis ball machine and a clamped racket: horizontal projectile motion, force diagrams, and impulse on the ball) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS2-1, HS-PS2-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-e-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-e-c01#/practice
- **Storm Watch on the Summit** (Thunderstorms at a summit observatory: electric field strength and direction, thunder timing, lightning-stroke energy) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Energy | Standards: HS-PS2-4, HS-PS4-1, HS-PS3-3, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-e-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-e-c02#/practice
- **Island Station Fiber-Optic Link** (A seafloor fiber-optic cable to an island: total internal reflection, digital vs analog signals, light speed in glass) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-1, HS-PS4-2, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-e-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-e-c03#/practice
- **Riding a Snow-Tubing Lane** (Riders on a snow-tubing slope: energy conservation with friction, force diagrams, and impulse at a foam berm) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS3-2, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS2-1, HS-PS2-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-e-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-e-c04#/practice
- **Wireless Charging at Scooter Docks** (Wireless charging pads for scooters: magnetic field of a coil, induced voltage, efficiency, and electrical power) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy | Standards: HS-PS2-5, HS-PS3-3, HS-PS3-6 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-e-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-e-c05#/practice
- **Mapping Heating Inside a Microwave Oven** (Melted-marshmallow spots in a microwave: superposition, wavelength and frequency, specific heat, where the energy goes) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Energy | Standards: HS-PS4-3, HS-PS4-1, HS-PS3-4, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-e-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-e-c06#/practice
- **Screening Hearing and Fitting a Hearing Aid** (A school hearing test and a digital hearing aid: frequency and period, sampling rate, energy transformations, power) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Energy | Standards: HS-PS4-1, HS-PS4-2, HS-PS3-3, HS-PS3-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-e-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-e-c07#/practice
- **Satellite Television on a Sheep Farm** (A satellite dish on a remote farm: concave-mirror reflection, circular orbits, digital signals, and design tradeoffs) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Forces and interactions, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-6, HS-PS2-1, HS-PS2-4, HS-PS4-2, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-e-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-e-c08#/practice
- **Upgrading a Dental X-ray System** (Inside a dental X-ray tube: electric force on electrons, current and charge, X-ray photon energy, choosing a sensor) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS2-4, HS-PS3-6, HS-PS4-1, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS4-4 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-e-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-e-c09#/practice
- **A Radio Telescope on the Lunar Far Side** (A far-side Moon array: universal gravitation, alpha-decay mass–energy, radio signal delay, hydrogen lines from galaxies) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Matter and nuclear processes, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Earth and space science | Standards: HS-PS2-4, HS-PS1-8, HS-PS4-1, HS-ESS1-2, HS-PS2-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-e-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-e-c10#/practice

### Physics Practice Exam F (Physical Science: Physics · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Air Tankers on a Wildfire Line** (Water dropped from a firefighting air tanker: projectile motion, net force after release, and choosing a drop altitude) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS2-1, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-f-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-f-c01#/practice
- **Short-Track Skating: Starts, Laps and Turns** (A skating club's sensor and video data: impulse from force–time graphs, average speed, circular motion, relay momentum) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS2-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-f-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-f-c02#/practice
- **Fitting Lenses at an Eye Clinic** (Glasses for three patients: lens images and magnification, UV photon energy, lens materials, anti-reflective coatings) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-6, HS-PS4-4, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS4-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-f-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-f-c03#/practice
- **Upgrading a Town's Traffic Signals** (Switching traffic signals to LEDs: circuit design, Ohm's law, electrical energy, waste heat, and photon energy) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Waves and electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS3-6, HS-PS3-4, HS-PS4-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-f-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-f-c04#/practice
- **Raising an Orbit with Xenon Ions** (A xenon ion thruster on a satellite: electric fields and forces on ions, impulse, Newton's third law, and kinetic energy) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy | Standards: HS-PS2-4, HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-f-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-f-c05#/practice
- **Analyzing the Pole Vault** (Pole vaults analyzed on video: conservation of energy, elastic potential energy, impulse in landings, and net force) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS3-2, HS-PS2-3, HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-f-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-f-c06#/practice
- **Quieting a School Beside a Highway** (A noise barrier between a highway and a school: sound waves, wavelength and diffraction, absorption, and test design) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Energy, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS4-1, HS-PS3-3, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-f-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-f-c07#/practice
- **Tuning a Violin in the Workshop** (A violin maker tunes strings and tests the body: standing waves and harmonics, beats, and string vs sound waves) — Q36–Q40 (2 MC, 3 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS4-1, HS-PS4-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-f-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-f-c08#/practice
- **Flying on a Column of Air** (Indoor skydiving tunnel: forces on a floating flyer, fan power and current, kinetic energy, energy in a closed air loop) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy | Standards: HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-6, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS3-3, HS-PS3-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-f-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-f-c09#/practice
- **Watching Betelgeuse** (The red supergiant Betelgeuse: star lifetimes and fusion, infrared vs visible light, and nuclear vs chemical energy) — Q46–Q50 (4 MC, 1 CR) | Topics: Earth and space science, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Matter and nuclear processes | Standards: HS-ESS1-2, HS-PS4-1, HS-PS1-8 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-f-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-f-c10#/practice

### Physics Practice Exam G (Physical Science: Physics · generated · 50 questions, 10 clusters)
- **Analyzing a Fireworks Display** (Fireworks on video and microphone: projectile data, momentum in a split shell, emission spectra, launch and burst energy) — Q1–Q5 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Energy | Standards: HS-PS2-1, HS-PS2-2, HS-PS4-3, HS-PS3-2, HS-PS3-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-g-c01 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-g-c01#/practice
- **Training a Rowing Crew** (A rowing team on ergometers and the river: work and power, kinetic energy, wave speed of a wake, and net force) — Q6–Q10 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS3-2, HS-PS4-1, HS-PS2-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-g-c02 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-g-c02#/practice
- **Choosing Smoke Detectors for a Dormitory** (Ionization vs photoelectric smoke detectors: alpha-particle energy, electric force on ions, Ohm's law, sound speed) — Q11–Q15 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Forces and interactions, Engineering design, Waves and electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS2-4, HS-PS3-6, HS-ETS1-3, HS-PS4-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-g-c03 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-g-c03#/practice
- **Stopping Zipline Riders** (Testing a zipline's end brake: conservation of energy, spring potential energy, impulse and momentum, net force) — Q16–Q20 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Energy, Forces and interactions | Standards: HS-PS3-1, HS-PS2-3, HS-PS2-1 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-g-c04 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-g-c04#/practice
- **Screening Bags with an Ion-Mobility Detector** (Airport explosive-residue scanner: electric force on ions, forces on a drifting ion, best-fit line, sampling resolution) — Q21–Q25 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Energy | Standards: HS-PS2-4, HS-PS2-1, HS-PS4-2, HS-PS3-5 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-g-c05 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-g-c05#/practice
- **Powering a Nuclear Icebreaker** (A nuclear-powered icebreaker: induction in a generator, efficiency, specific heat, and fission chain reactions) — Q26–Q30 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy, Matter and nuclear processes | Standards: HS-PS2-5, HS-PS3-3, HS-PS3-4, HS-PS1-8 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-g-c06 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-g-c06#/practice
- **Testing a Human Cannonball Act** (A circus act launched from a cannon: net force from motion data, energy in projectile motion, launch angle, impulse) — Q31–Q35 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy | Standards: HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-1, HS-PS2-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-g-c07 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-g-c07#/practice
- **Light in the Aquarium** (Viewing fish through an aquarium tunnel: refraction and Snell's law, lens images, and ultraviolet photon energy) — Q36–Q40 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation | Standards: HS-PS4-1, HS-PS4-6, HS-PS4-4 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-g-c08 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-g-c08#/practice
- **A Smartphone Spectrometer** (A cardboard-and-phone spectrometer: diffraction gratings, light frequency, solar absorption lines, digital resolution) — Q41–Q45 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design, Earth and space science | Standards: HS-PS4-3, HS-PS4-1, HS-ETS1-4, HS-ESS1-2, HS-PS4-2 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-g-c09 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-g-c09#/practice
- **Siting a Wind Farm** (Choosing a hill for a wind farm: circular motion of blade tips, efficiency, infrasound, superposition, site constraints) — Q46–Q50 (3 MC, 2 CR) | Topics: Forces and interactions, Energy, Waves and electromagnetic radiation, Engineering design | Standards: HS-PS2-1, HS-PS3-3, HS-PS4-1, HS-ETS1-3 | Guide: https://newregents.com/physics/clusters/physics-practice-g-c10 | Practice: https://newregents.com/physics/app?cluster=physics-practice-g-c10#/practice

## Primary Official NYSED Sources
- 2025 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Science: Chemistry: https://www.nysed.gov/sites/default/files/programs/state-assessment/chemrt-2025.pdf
- 2025 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Science: Physics: https://www.nysed.gov/sites/default/files/programs/state-assessment/physics-ref-tables-2025.pdf
- NYSED Physical Science: Chemistry Educator Guide (2025): https://www.nysed.gov/sites/default/files/programs/state-assessment/chemistry-educator-guide-2025.pdf
- NYSED Physical Science: Chemistry Released Exams Archive: https://www.nysedregents.org/ps-chemistry/
- NYSED Physical Science: Physics Released Exams Archive: https://www.nysedregents.org/ps-physics/
- NYSED Legacy Physical Setting/Chemistry Archive: https://www.nysedregents.org/Chemistry/
- NYSED Regents Examination Schedules: https://www.nysed.gov/state-assessment/regents-examination-schedules